Research Journal of Pharmacy and Technology

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

Study the Effect of Cadmium Chloride on the Histological Structure and Biochemical Enzymes in Male White Mice


Affiliations
1 Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Babylon, Iraq
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


Cadmium presence as a toxic substance come in to body as contamination of water, air and food its also found in cigarette smoking. There for the present study down to investigate the effect of cdcl2 on the liver function and enzyme of kidney and studing the histological structure of kidney and liver. In the experiment we used eighteen male white mice and injected subcutenous for 40 days. The results shown asignificant increase in GOT and GPT fortreated groups (5,10) mg/kg as compared to control group. As for the blood urea and serum creatinine we found asignificant increase for treated groups as compared to control group. Thisresults confident by the histological study of liver and kidney, The results shown a bleeding in liver, lysis, necrosis and hypertrophy as compared to control group.as for the kidney texture we found alysis in distal tubules of kidney as compared to control group.

Keywords

Cadmium, Mice, Liver, Kidney, Histology.
Subscription Login to verify subscription
User
Notifications
Font Size


  • Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Protection of environment. U. S. Goovernment printing office via. GPO Access.P, (2007); 1-8.

  • Word Health Organization (WHOC admium. Environmental Health criteria 134, Cadmium International Program on Chemical Safety (IPCS) monograph, Geneva. (1999, a).

  • Poule M. and Payne MOral chelating and nutritional replacement therapy for heavy metal toxicity and nutritional replacement therapy for heavy metal toxicity and cardiovascular conditions. Manus cript,University of Michigan Res. (2005); 15-30.

  • Minkoff E. and Baker PBiology tody:Anissuse.2 nd edition. Published by garland publishing,a member of American.(2001); 701-718.

  • Scientific Committee on Animal Nutrition (SCAN).Opinion of the undesirable substances in feed.(2003).

  • Bougnegnea J. and Gilles R. Lipid peroxidation and its role in toxicology, In:Reviews in biochemical toxicology Hodgson E.,BendJ.and Philpot P.(eds),Elsevier Amsterdam.(1979); 125129.

  • National Research Council (NRC). Mineral tolerance of domestic animals. National Academy of Science, Washington D.C.(1980); 93-130.

  • Massany P., Toman R., Valent M. and Cupka P.Evaluation of selected parameters of metabolic profile and levels of cadmium in reproductive organs of rabbits after an experimental administration . Acta.Physiolo.Hungarica.(1995); 83:267-273.

  • Lind Y.,Engman J.,JorhemL.and Glynn A.Accumulation of cadmium from wheat bran,sugar fiber, carrot and cadmium chloride in the liver and kidneys of mice. Briti.J.Nutr. (1998); 80:205-221.

  • Fasitsas C., Theocharis S., Zoulas D. and Chrissimou S. Time – dependent cadmium – neurotoxicity in rat brain synaptosomal plasma membranes. Comp. Pharmacol. Toxicol. (1991); 100:271-275.

  • Kotsonis F. and Klaassen C. Toxicity and distribution cadmium administrated to rats sublethal dose. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. (1977); 41:667-680.

  • Shaikh Z. and Smith L. Biological indicators of cadmium exposure and toxicity .J.Exper. Toxicolo. (1984); 40:36-43.

  • Waalkes M., Rehm S. and Devor D. The effects of continuous testosterone exposure on spontaneous and cadmium – induced tumors in the male Fischer (F344 / Ncr) rat: Loss of testicular response. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. (1997); 142:40-46.

  • Goyer R. Toxic effect of metal. In: Klaassen C.,Amdur M., Doull J. (eds.) Casarett and Doull's toxicology.3th ed. Macmillan publishing Co. New York. (1986); 582-635.

  • Cook M. and Morrow H. Anthropogenic source of cadmium in Canada . National work shop on cadmium transport in to plants, Canadian Network of Toxicology Centers, Ottawa, Canada. (1995)

  • Bancroft, J.D. and Stevens, A. Theory and Practice of Histological Techniques. 2ndEdn., Churchill Livingstone, New York. (2010).

  • Theocharis S., Margeli A., Vassiliki A. and Varonos D. Thimidyne kinase activity in liver and serum of rats after cadmium administration . Toxicol. Lett.(1994); 71:1.

  • Liu J., Liu Y., Habeebu S. and Klaassen C Susceptibility of MT / Null Mice to chronic CdCl2– induced nephrotoxicity indicated that renal injury is not mediated by the CdMT complex. Toxicol . Sci . (1998); 46:197-203.

  • Culbord D. and Cherian M. Biology excretion of cadmium in rat . Dose dependent biliary excretion and the form of cadmium in bile. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health.(1988); 2:945-954.

  • Nair S. Protective effect of tefroli – a polyherbal mixture (tonic) on cadmium chloride induced hepatoxic rats. PHCOG MAG. (2006); 2(6): 112-118.

  • Piscator M. and Axelsson B. Acute exposure to cadmium in rats . Arch. Environ Health. (1998); 24:608.

  • Kowalczyk E., Jankowski A., Niedwork J., Smigielski P. and Tyslerowicz P. Effect of long – terms cadmium intoxication on selected biochemical parameters in experimental animals polish. J. Environ. Studies. (2002); 11 (5):599-601.

  • Hilmy A., Shabana M. and Said M. The role of serum transferase (SGOT , SGPT) and alkaline phosphorus in relation to inorganic phosphorus with respect to mercury poisoning in Aphaniumdispar. Rupp. (teleostei) the Red Sea, Comp. Biochem. Physiol. (1988); 88-100.

  • Gary M. and Michael J. Alteration of liver cell function and proliferation : Differentiation between adaptation and toxicity . Toxicol. Pathol. J. 2nd ed. London. (2002); 41.

  • Daniela M., Mori A. and Amanda M.Temporal response pattern of biochemical analyses in experimental diabetes. Biochem. Appl. (2003); 8:183-191.

  • Toman R. , Massanyi P., Golian N. and Lukac N. Changes of blood parameters of Pheasants after long – terms administration of cadmium . Solva. Pol. Uni. Nitre .(2004).

  • Anderson J. Muir's textbook of pathology .11th ed. Edward Arnold.London. (1980); 652.

  • Habeebu S., Liu J. and Klaassen C. Cadmium – induced apoptosis in mouse liver . Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. (1998); 149:203-209.

  • Solhaug, M., Bolger P. and Jose P. The developing kidney and environmental toxins. National institute of diabetes and digestive and kidney disease.(2004); 113(4): 1084-1091.

  • Nguyen Q. and Chien P. Cadmium uptake kinetics in human erythrocyte . Biol. Trace. Elem. Res. (1989); 22:119.

  • Williams F., Robertson R. and Roworth M. Detailed profile of 25 major organic and inorganic substance. SCEIH, Glasgow. (1999); 19-21.

  • Chan H. and Cherian M. Mobilization of hepatic cadmium in pregnant rats. Toxicol. Appl. Pharamacol. (1993); 120:308-314.

  • Kowalczyk E., Kopff A., Fijalkowsk P., Kopff M. and Niedworok J. Effect of anthocyanins on selected biochemical parameter in rats exposed to cadmium. J. Acta. Bio. ChimicoPolonica. (2003); 50(2):543-548.

  • Foulkes E.Transport of heavy metals by kidney. Toxicol. Lett.(1990); 53:29-31.

  • Liu J., Liu Y., Michalska A., Choo K., Klaassen C. Distribution and retention of cadmium in metallothionein I and II null mice. Toxicol. Appl . Pharamacol. (1996); 136:260-268.

  • Rikans L. and Yamano T. Mechanism of cadmium – mediated acute hepatotoxicity. J. Biochem. Mol. Toxicol. (2000); 14(2):110-117.

  • Stohs S., BagchiD.andHassoun E. Oxidative mechanisms in the toxicity of chromium and cadmium ions. J.Environ. Pathol. Oncol. (2001); 20: 77-82.

  • Kowalczyk E. , Kopff A., Fijalkowsk P., Kopff M. and Niedworok J. Effect of anthocyanins on selected biochemical parameter in rats exposed to cadmium. J. Acta. Bio. ChimicoPolonica. (2003); 50(2):543-548.

  • Dawborn J. Acute renal failure. Med. Inter. (1986); 1309-1319.

  • Bull W. Cadmium – induced changes in hematology and 2,3 DPG levels in rat. Environ. Contamin. Toxicol. (2000); 64:93-99.

  • Bastarache E. Cadmium: Prevention / screening strategy. Occupat. and Environ. Med. (2003); 1-3.


Abstract Views: 229

PDF Views: 0




  • Study the Effect of Cadmium Chloride on the Histological Structure and Biochemical Enzymes in Male White Mice

Abstract Views: 229  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

Jenan Mahdi Jwad
Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Babylon, Iraq

Abstract


Cadmium presence as a toxic substance come in to body as contamination of water, air and food its also found in cigarette smoking. There for the present study down to investigate the effect of cdcl2 on the liver function and enzyme of kidney and studing the histological structure of kidney and liver. In the experiment we used eighteen male white mice and injected subcutenous for 40 days. The results shown asignificant increase in GOT and GPT fortreated groups (5,10) mg/kg as compared to control group. As for the blood urea and serum creatinine we found asignificant increase for treated groups as compared to control group. Thisresults confident by the histological study of liver and kidney, The results shown a bleeding in liver, lysis, necrosis and hypertrophy as compared to control group.as for the kidney texture we found alysis in distal tubules of kidney as compared to control group.

Keywords


Cadmium, Mice, Liver, Kidney, Histology.

References