Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access

Assessment of Advertising Effectiveness: A Scale Validation Exercise


Affiliations
1 F.M.S department, Manav Rachna International University, Faridabad, Haryana, India
 

The purpose of this research is to construct a scale to assess the efficacy of advertising effectiveness in Indian market. There is a shortage of marketing scales in India and the scales developed in other countries are not necessarily appropriate for use in India. Advertising effectiveness is a strategy by which advertisers gain their stated advertising objectives. This research closely follows the procedure for developing better measure given by Churchill (1979). Psychometrics of the scale is tested with the help of data collected over two rounds of data collection. Drawing on previous literature a seventeen item scale is constructed at pilot study. After checking the various psychometrics of the scale, the scale is reduced to thirteen items for the final study. The analytical tools used are cronbach alpha, item to total correlation and exploratory factor analysis. This scale has the desirable reliability and validity properties. Thus, this scale could be used by the aspiring researchers.

Keywords

Advertising Effectiveness, Reliability, Validity, Item-To Total Correleation, T-Test and Factor Analysis.
User
Notifications
Font Size

  • Aquinas P.G. (2009), “Attribution and individual Decision Making”, Organisational Behaviour, third reprint, Excel Books, 59-76.
  • Assmus Gert, Farley John U and Lehmann (1984), “How Advertising Affects Sales: Meta Analysis of Econometric Results”, Vol XXI (February), 65-74.
  • Best, J. R., Hawkins, D. I., & Coney, A. K. (2003). Perception. Consumer Behaviour
  • Brown Steven . P, Homer Pamela . M and Inman J. Jeffrey (1998), “A Meta Analysis of Relationships between Ad- Evoked Feelings and Advertising Responses”, Jouurnal of Marketing Research, Vol XXXV (Feburary), 114-126.
  • Building Marketing Strategy, Tata McGraw Hill Publishing Company Ltd., 284-313.
  • Business, World. (2005), “ Consumer Psychographics”, The Marketing White Book, 99-128.
  • Chunawalla S.A, Sethia K.C (2009), “Advertising Effectiveness”, Foundations of Advertising Theory and Pratice, Himalaya Publishing House, Seventh Revised Edition, 642-660.
  • Churchill, G. A. (1979), “ A Paradigm for Developing Better Measures of Marketing Constructs”, Journal of Marketing Research, Vol XVI (February), 64-73.
  • Danaher Peter J, Bonfrer Andre and Dhar Sanjay (2008), “The Effects of Competitive Advertising Interference on Sales for Packaged Goods”, Jouurnal of Marketing Research, Vol XLV (April), 211-225.
  • Houston Michael J, Childers Terry L and Heckler Susan E (1987), “Picture- Word Consistency and the Elaborative Processing of Advertisements”, Journal of Marketing Research, Vol XXIV (November), 359-69.
  • Karunakran. K (2009), “ Buyer Behaviour(Consumer Behaviour) Marketing Management Second edition, Himalaya Publishing House, 55-76.
  • Kempf Deanna .S and Smith Robert E (1998), “Consumer Processing of Product Trial and the Influence of Prior Advertising: A Structural Modeling Approach”, Journal of Marketing Research, Vol XXXV (August), 325-338.
  • Kotler Philip, Keller Kevin Lane, Koshy Abraham and Jha Mithibshwar (2009), “Analysing Consumer Markets, Marketing Management: a South Asian Perspective” , 13th edition, Pearson Prentice Hall, 142-171.
  • Loudon David L and Bitta Albert J (2006), “Consumer Decision Processes”, Consumer Behaviour, Fourth Edition, Tata-McGraw Hill, 481-593.
  • Malhotra, K. N. (2005), “Measurement and Scaling: Non - Comparative Scaling Techniques”, Marketing Research: An Applied Orientation, Fourth Edition, Pearson Education, 254-277.
  • Meenakshi N and Kumar Arun (2009), Consumer Behaviour, Marketing Management, first edition (second reprint), Vikas Publishing House Pvt Ltd, 83-119.
  • Moore David J and Reardon Richard (1987), “Source Magnification: The Role of Multiple Sources in the Processing of Advertising Appeals”, Journal of Marketing Research, Vol XXIV (November), 412-7.
  • Mullins Laurie J (2005), “The Process of Perception”, Management and Organisational Behaviour, Second Edition, Pearson Education, 434-469.
  • Nelson Debra L and Quick James Campbell (2008), “Learning and Performance Management”, Organizational Behaviour, 5th edition, Thomson Learning, 178-190.
  • Peter, J. P. (1981), “Construct Validity: A Review of Basic Issues and Marketing Practices” Journal of Marketing Research. Vol XVIII (May), 133-145.
  • Ramaswamy, V. S., & Nanakumari, S. (1998). The Indian Consumer. Marketing Management. Second Edition, Macmillian India Limited, 192 – 202.
  • Robbins Stepen P, Judge Timothy and Sanghi Seema (2009), “Foundations of Individual Behaviour”, Organizational Behaviour, 13th Edition, Pearson Prentince, 48-71.
  • Singh Surendra .N. and Cole Catheine .A. ( 1993), “ The Effects of Length, Content and Repetition on Television Commercial Effectiveness, Journal of Marketing Research, Vol XXX (Feburary), 91-104.
  • Singh, A.K. (1998). Carrying out Statistical Analyses. Tests, Measurements and Research Methods in Behavioural Sciences, 3rd edition, Bharati Bhawan Publishers & Distributors, 428-459.
  • Solomon, R. M. (2004). Consumer Behaviour, buying. Learning and Memory, Prentice Hall, Second Edition, 99-129.
  • Vakratsas Demetrios and Ambler Tim (1999), “How Advertising Works: What Do we Really Know?”, journal of Marketing, Vol 63 ( January), 26-43.
  • Wells William, Burnett John and Moriarty Sandra (2003), “How Advertising Works”, Advertising Principles and Practice, Pearson Education, Sixth Edition, 153-179.
  • Wells William, Burnett John and Moriarty Sandra (2003), “Introduction to Advertising”, Advertising Principles and Practice, Pearson Education, Sixth Edition, 3-27

Abstract Views: 406

PDF Views: 99




  • Assessment of Advertising Effectiveness: A Scale Validation Exercise

Abstract Views: 406  |  PDF Views: 99

Authors

Ruchika Sachdeva
F.M.S department, Manav Rachna International University, Faridabad, Haryana, India

Abstract


The purpose of this research is to construct a scale to assess the efficacy of advertising effectiveness in Indian market. There is a shortage of marketing scales in India and the scales developed in other countries are not necessarily appropriate for use in India. Advertising effectiveness is a strategy by which advertisers gain their stated advertising objectives. This research closely follows the procedure for developing better measure given by Churchill (1979). Psychometrics of the scale is tested with the help of data collected over two rounds of data collection. Drawing on previous literature a seventeen item scale is constructed at pilot study. After checking the various psychometrics of the scale, the scale is reduced to thirteen items for the final study. The analytical tools used are cronbach alpha, item to total correlation and exploratory factor analysis. This scale has the desirable reliability and validity properties. Thus, this scale could be used by the aspiring researchers.

Keywords


Advertising Effectiveness, Reliability, Validity, Item-To Total Correleation, T-Test and Factor Analysis.

References