Outcomes of Fourfold Taxonomy of Work-Family Balance among Dual-Earners in India

Due to changing trends in the economic environment and demographic profile of the employees, Indian households are shifting from traditional male 'breadwinner' role to 'dual-earners'. As a result, striking a balance between work and family roles has become an incessant challenge for men as well as women. Research evidenced that the term 'work-family balance' is elusive and best characterized by four independent dimensions, namely, work-to-family conflict; family-towork conflict; work-to-family facilitation and family-to-work facilitation. It is in this context that the present study empirically tests the outcomes (job satisfaction, affective commitment, turnover intentions, family satisfaction, life satisfaction and positive mental health) of work-family balance dimensions among 202 dual-earner parents in India. Analyses indicated that work-to-family conflict emerged as the dominant dimension that tend to increase turnover intentions and reduce job satisfaction, life satisfaction, and positive mental health state. However, family satisfaction was found negatively related to the perception of family-to-work conflict, to which other individual and organizational outcomes are not related. Further, family-to-work facilitation was found to increase positive mental health state and both domain satisfactions, while work-to-family facilitation was found to increase organizational affective commitment. Practical implications were discussed.