Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

Impact of Ceasefire Violation on Tourism and Local Community in Jammu and Kashmir (UT)


Affiliations
1 Professor, School of Hospitality and Tourism Management, University of Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
2 Lecturer, School of Hospitality and Tourism Management, University of Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
3 Lecturer, The Business School, University of Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


The article primarily aims to examine the impact of ceasefire violations (CFV) on the local community (LC). Simultaneously, it also evaluates the impact of tourism on the local community. Data was collected from 284 people residing in the border’s areas of Jammu through the questionnaire survey technique. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were utilized to classify and verify different factors. Structural equation modeling (SEM) has been applied to prove the hypotheses of the study. The findings of the study indicated that CFV negatively affects LC dwelling along the border parts of the Jammu region. Furthermore, the positive and significant relationship between tourism and the local community has also been identified. This study contributes to the Border Development Authority (BDA) which has a direct impact on the local community residing in border areas and tourism. Thus, the outcome of the present study will provide proper cooperation and coordination among the nations, intelligence agencies, security forces and people living along the border areas to promote peace and tourism. This study contributes to the Border Development Authority (BDA) which has a direct impact on the local community residing in border areas and tourism. Thus, the outcome of this present study will provide proper cooperation and coordination among the nations, intelligence agencies, security forces and people living along the border area to promote peace and tourism.

Keywords

Local Community, Tourism, Ceasefire Violations, Border Destinations, Jammu and Kashmir
Subscription Login to verify subscription
User
Notifications
Font Size


  • Abas, S. A., & Hanafiah, M. H. (2013, April). Local community attitudes towards tourism development in Tioman Island. In 6th Tourism Outlook Conference, Kota Kinabalu Sabah, Malayisa (pp. 22-24). (Conference Publication).
  • Balla, R., & Rani, N. (2018). Management of India’s border in Jammu and Kashmir: Infinite or absolute. Research Journal of Social Sciences, 9(11).
  • Bollen, K. A. (1989). A new incremental fit index for general structural equation models. Sociological Methods & Research, 17(3), 303-316.
  • Cater, E. (1994). Ecotourism in the third world: Problems and prospects for sustainability. In E. Cater & G. Lowman (Eds), Ecotourism: A Sustainable (pp. 69-86). Chichester: Wiley.
  • Causevic, S. (2010). Tourism which erases borders: An introspection into Bosnia and Herzegovina. Tourism, Progress and Peace, 48-64.
  • Chowdhary, R. (2012). Bordered people: Impact of conflict on the lives of people living on the border in J&K: A case study of Arnia belt.
  • Claiborne, P. (2010). Community participation in tourism development and the value of social capital - The case of Bastimentos. Panama: Bocas del Toro.
  • D’Amore, L. J. (1988). Tourism: A vital force for peace. Annals of Tourism Research, 15, 269-283.
  • D’Amore, L. J. (1988). Tourism - A vital force for peace. Tourism Management, 9(2), 151-154.
  • Das, P. (2014). Issues in the management of the India - Pakistan international border. Strategic Analysis, 38(3), 307-324.
  • Dijstelbloem, H., & Walters, W. (2019). Atmospheric Border Politics: The morphology of migration and solidarity practices in Europe. Geopolitics, 1-24.
  • Dola, K., & Mijan, D. (2006). Public participation in planning for sustainable development: Operational questions and issues. International Journal on Sustainable Tropical Design Research & Practice, 1(1), 1-8.
  • Economic Times. (2020). 2019 recorded highest ever ceasefire violations by Pakistan inJammu and Kashmir in last 16 years. Retrieved February 3, 2020, from https://economictimes.
  • indiat imes . com/news/defence/2019-recorded-highes t everceasefireviolations-by-pakistan-in-jammu-and-kashmir-in-last-16 years/articleshow/73100346.cms
  • Ganguly, S. (2019). The origins of war in South Asia: Indo-Pakistani conflicts since 1947. Routledge.
  • Gumus, F., Eskin, I., Veznikli, A. N., & Gumus, M. (2007, November). Availability of rural tourism for Gallipoli villages: The potentials and attitudes. In International Tourism Biennial Conference (pp. 157169).
  • Hafeznia, M. R., Ghorbaninejad, R., Ahmadipour, Z., & Ghavam, A. (2013). Tension and conflict theories between countries: Review, critique and presenting a theoretical model. Geopolitics Quarterly, 9(32), 1-35.
  • Haukeland, J. V. (2011). Tourism stakeholders’ perceptions of national park management in Norway. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 19(2), 133-153.
  • Hunter, C., & Green, H. (1995). Tourism and the environment: A sustainable relationship? Routledge.
  • Indurthy, R. (2019). India - Pakistan wars and the Kashmir crisis. Taylor & Francis.
  • Inskeep, E. (1991). Tourism planning: An integrated and sustainable development approach. Van Nostrand Reinhold.
  • Ismaeil, O., & Sofi, U. J. (2019). Development of scientific and industrial policies in post independent India: An analysis from 1947-1980. International Journal of Social Science and Economic Research, 4(1), 394-401.
  • Jaafar, M., Noor, S. M., & Rasoolimanesh, S. M. (2015). Perception of young local residents toward sustainable conservation programmes: A case study of the Lenggong world cultural heritage site. Tourism Management, 48, 154-163.
  • Jimenez, C., & Kloeze, J. T. (2014). Analyzing the peace through tourism concept: The challenge for educators. Sociology and Anthropology, 2(3), 63-70.
  • Kemp, G., & Harkavy, R. E. (1997). Strategic geography and the changing Middle East. Brookings Inst Pr.
  • Kemp, J., & Harkavy, R. B. (2004). Strategic geography & the changing Middle East [Persian] Translated by: M. Hosseini, Tehran: Research Institute for Strategic Studies [in Persian].
  • Kormoll, R. (2019). Practicing the international: India-Pakistan relations in the Punjab borderland (Doctoral dissertation). Durham University.
  • Latif, K., Malik, M. Y., Pitafi, A. H., Kanwal, S., & Latif, Z. (2020). If you travel, I travel: Testing a model of when and how travel-related content exposure on Facebook triggers the intention to visit a tourist destination. Sage Open, 10(2), 2158244020925511.
  • Leal Martínez, A. M. (2011). For the enjoyment of all: Cosmopolitan aspirations, urban encounters and class boundaries in Mexico City (Doctoral dissertation). Columbia University.
  • Leslie, D. (1993). Developing sustainable tourism. Tourism Management, 14(6), 485-488.
  • Litvin, S. (1998). Tourism: The world’s peace industry. Journal of Travel Research, 37(1), 63-66.
  • Manhas, P. S., & Muslim, A. (2016). Philip Kotler-chapter I Alexandru-Mircea Nedelea, Marilena-OanaNedelea-chapters II, III Hidehiko Yuzaki-chapter IV Mitsuhiro Shibata-chapter V Hiroo Saionji-chapter VI.
  • May-Ling, S., Ramachandran, S., Shuib, A., & Afandi, S. H. M. (2014). Barriers to community participation in rural tourism: A case study of the communities of Semporna, Sabah, Malaysia. Life Science Journal, 11(11), 837-841.
  • McCool, S. F. (2009). Constructing partnerships for protected area tourism planning in an era of change and messiness. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 17(2), 133-148.
  • Mill, R. C., & Morrison, A. M. (2002). The tourism system. Kendall Hunt Pub: Dubuque.
  • Murphy, P. E. (1988). Community driven tourism planning. Tourism Management, 9(2), 96-104.
  • Niezgoda, A., & Czernek, K. (2008). Development of cooperation between residents and local authority in tourism destination. Turizam: Međunarodniznanstveno-stručničasopis, 56(4), 385-398.
  • Nzama, A. T. (2008). Socio-cultural impacts of tourism on the rural areas within the world heritage sites - The case of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. South Asian Journal of Tourism and Heritage, 1(1),1-8.
  • Okazaki, E. (2008). A community-based tourism model: Its conception and use. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 16(5), 511-529.
  • Patnaik, A. (2016). Security concerns of Central Asian states. In Central Asia (pp. 53-81). Routledge India.
  • Pattanaik, S. S. (2005). Internal political dynamics and Bangladesh’s foreign policy towards India. Strategic Analysis, 29(3), 395-426.
  • Prescott, J. R. V. (1972). Political geography. London: Methuen.
  • Sharma, R. (2017). Ceasefire violations and ‘border residents’ in Akhnoor sector (J&K). International Journal of Research in Management & Social Science, 5(4), 29-31.
  • Sharma, R. (2017). Ceasefire violations and ‘border residents’ in Akhnoor sector (J&K). International Journal of Research in Management & Social Science, 5(4), 29-31.
  • Sharma, V., Jain, S. K., & Sharma, S. K. (2017). Entrepreneurial orientation of professional graduates in autonomous states: The case of Jammu & Kashmir (India). Abhigyan, 34(4), 38-53.
  • Shin, Y. S. (2005). Safety, security and peace tourism: The case of the DMZ area. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 10(4), 411-426.
  • Singh, B. P., & Verma, A. (2015). Cyber terrorism - An international phenomena and an eminent threat. IITM Journal of Management and IT, 6(1), 164-168.
  • Spate, O. H. K., & Learmonth, A. T. A. (2017). India and Pakistan: A general and regional geography (vol. 12). Routledge.
  • Thongma, W., Leelapattana, W., & Hung, J. T. (2011). Tourists’ satisfaction towards tourism activities management of Maesa community, Pongyang sub-district, Maerim district, Chiang Mai province, Thailand. Asian Tourism Management, 2(1), 86-94.
  • Timothy, D. J. (1999). Participatory planning: A view of tourism in Indonesia. Annals of Tourism Research, 26(2), 371-391.
  • Timothy, D. J., & Tosun, C. (2003). Arguments for community participation in the tourism development process. Journal of Tourism Studies, 14(2), 2-15.
  • Xie, L., & Shaofeng, J. (2017). China’s international transboundary rivers: Politics, security and diplomacy of shared water resources. Routledge.
  • Zhang, J., Inbakaran, R. J., & Jackson, M. (2006). Understanding community attitudes towards tourism and host-guest interaction in the urban-rural border region. Tourism Geographies, 8(2), 182-204.

Abstract Views: 240

PDF Views: 0




  • Impact of Ceasefire Violation on Tourism and Local Community in Jammu and Kashmir (UT)

Abstract Views: 240  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

Parikshat Singh
Professor, School of Hospitality and Tourism Management, University of Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
Priyanka Sharma
Lecturer, School of Hospitality and Tourism Management, University of Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India
Rajani Kumari Sarangal
Lecturer, The Business School, University of Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India

Abstract


The article primarily aims to examine the impact of ceasefire violations (CFV) on the local community (LC). Simultaneously, it also evaluates the impact of tourism on the local community. Data was collected from 284 people residing in the border’s areas of Jammu through the questionnaire survey technique. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were utilized to classify and verify different factors. Structural equation modeling (SEM) has been applied to prove the hypotheses of the study. The findings of the study indicated that CFV negatively affects LC dwelling along the border parts of the Jammu region. Furthermore, the positive and significant relationship between tourism and the local community has also been identified. This study contributes to the Border Development Authority (BDA) which has a direct impact on the local community residing in border areas and tourism. Thus, the outcome of the present study will provide proper cooperation and coordination among the nations, intelligence agencies, security forces and people living along the border areas to promote peace and tourism. This study contributes to the Border Development Authority (BDA) which has a direct impact on the local community residing in border areas and tourism. Thus, the outcome of this present study will provide proper cooperation and coordination among the nations, intelligence agencies, security forces and people living along the border area to promote peace and tourism.

Keywords


Local Community, Tourism, Ceasefire Violations, Border Destinations, Jammu and Kashmir

References