Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

Determinant of Employees' Job Satisfaction and the Role of Male and Female Differences: an Empirical Study at Hotel Industry in Iran


Affiliations
1 School of Housing, Building & Planning (HBP), Universiti Sians Malaysia (USM), Malaysia
2 School of Housing, Building & Planning (HBP), Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Malaysia
3 Graduate School of Business (GSB), University Sains Malaysia, (USM), Malaysia
4 Department of Psychology, Payamnur University (PNU), Iran, Islamic Republic of
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


Employee satisfaction is a parameter used to measure of the extent to which employees are pleased with their particular jobs and working environment. Continuously improving the spirits and self-confidence among employees can be of incredible benefits to any organization, given that happy employees are anticipated to put in more energy and time, take less leave of absence, and remain dedicated to the company. There are a number of factors that improve or sustain high employee satisfaction, which sensible employers thrive to implement. This objective of this study is to determine the level of employees'job satisfaction and to investigate the effect of gender on employees'job satisfaction. Important factors that have an impact on job satisfaction are supervision, relationship with co-workers, rewards, work condition, and opportunities for promotion. Data for this research were gathered from employees of four 5 rated-star hotels in Iran. The illustrative evaluation executed to decide the grade of employees'job satisfaction. Furthermore, independent sample t-test was utilized to empirically test relationship between employees'job satisfaction and their gender. Findings suggest that employees are moderately satisfied with their job and there is no significant difference in between male and female employees'job satisfaction.

Keywords

Employees, Job Satisfaction, Gender, 5 Star Hotels, Iran.
Subscription Login to verify subscription
User
Notifications
Font Size


  • Adams, J. S. (1965). Inequity in social exchange. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.). Advances Experimental Social Psychology (vol. 2). New York: Academic Press.
  • Adeniji, A. A. (2011). Organizational Climate and Job Satisfaction among Academic staff in some Selected Private Universities in Southwest Nigeria (Doctoral dissertation, Covenant University).
  • Aziri, B. (2011). Job Satisfaction: A Literature Review. Management Research and Practice, 3(4), 77-86.
  • Bakotic, D., & Babic, T., (2013). Relationship between working conditions and job satisfaction: The case of croatian shipbuilding company.
  • Bass, B. M. (1990). Bass & Stogdill’s Handbook of Leadership: Theory, Research, and Managerial Applications (3rd ed.). New York: The Free Press, A Division of Macmillan, Inc.
  • Beutell, N. J., & Brenner, O. C. (2008). Sex differences in work values. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 28(1), 29-41.
  • Beyerlein, M. M. (2007). The Facet Satisfaction Scale: Enhancing the measurement of job satisfaction (Doctoral dissertation, University of North Texas).
  • Branham, L. (2012). The 7 hidden reasons employees leave: How to recognize the subtle signs and act before it’s too late. (2nd ed), AMACOM, New York, USA.
  • Brewer, A. M., & Hensher, D. A. (1998). The importance of organizational commitment in managing change: Experience of the NSW private bus industry. Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, 34(2), 117-130.
  • Bruce, W., & Blackburn, J. W. (1992). Balancing job satisfaction and performance, Quorum, New York,
  • Chang, L. (2012). Analysis of the relationships between the hospitality workforce and job-satisfaction factors according to age, gender, native language and racial-ethnicity. Journal of Tourism & Hospitality.
  • Donohue, S. M., & Heywood, J. S. (2004). Job satisfaction and gender: an expanded specification from the NLSY. International Journal of Manpower, 25(2), 211-238.
  • Drafke, M.W., & Kossen, S. (2002). The human side of organizations (8th ed.). New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, Inc.
  • Ebert, R. J., & Griffin, R. W. (2009). Business essentials, International Edition (8th ed.). Chicago, USA: Pearson Custom Publishing.
  • Evans, N., Campbell, D., & Stonehouse, G. (2003). Strategic management for travel and tourism. Oxford, Butterworth-Heinemann.
  • Evans, P., Pucik, V., & Bjorkman, I. (2011). The global challenge: International human resources management. (2nd ed.). International Edition. Singapore: McGraw-Hill
  • Falkenburg, K., & Schyns, B. (2007). Work satisfaction, organizational commitment and withdrawal behaviours. Managementm Research News, 30(10), 708-723.
  • Faragher, E. B., Cass, M., & Cooper, C. L. (2005). The relationship between job satisfaction and health: A meta-analysis. Occupational and Environmental Medicine, 62(2), 105-112.
  • Finnegan, M. C., & Solomon, L. Z. (1981). Work attitudes in windowed vs. windowless environments. Journal of Social Psychology, 115, 291-292.
  • Grebner, S., Semmer, N., Faso, L. L., Gut, S., Kalin, W., & Elfering, A. (2003). Working conditions, well-being, and job-related attitudes among call centre agents. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 12(4), 341-365.
  • Heery, E., & Noon, M. (2001). A dictionary of human resource management. Oxford University Press Inc.
  • Herzberg, F. (1968). One more time: How do you motivate employees?(pp. 46-57). Harvard Business Review.
  • Herzberg, F. (2008). One more time: How do you motivate employees (A review of Herzberg work by Harvard Bussiness School) Harvard Business press.
  • Herzberg, F., Mausner, B., & Synderman, B. (1959). The motivation to work. NY: Wiley.
  • Herzberg, F., Mausner, B., Peterson, R. O., & Capwell, D. F. (1957).Job attitudes: Review of research and opinion. Pittsburgh, PA: Psychological Service of Pittsburgh.
  • Ismail, A., & Rivai, H. A. (2011). Relationship Between Participation in Pay Systems and Job Commitment: Does Interactional Justice Act as a Mediating Variable?. Philippine Management Review, 14.
  • Jose, J. R. (2013). A Study on The Effectiveness of Change Management at HMT Machine Tools LTD, Kalamassery, Ernakulam (Doctoral dissertation, University of Kerala).
  • Kabir, M. N., & Parvin, M. M. (2011). Factors affecting employee job satisfaction of pharmaceutical sector. Australian Journal of Business and Management Research, 1(9), 113-123.
  • Koustelios, A. D. (2001). Personal characteristics and job satisfaction of Greek teachers. International Journal of Educational Management, 15(7), 354-358.
  • Kumar, V. (2014), Job satisfaction among empoyees: A study of NFL Bathinda. International Journal in Management and Social Science. 2(2), 2321-1748.
  • Leather, P., Pygras, M., Beale, D., & Lawrence, C. (1998). Windows in the workplace: Sunlight, view and occupational stress. Environment and Behavior, 30, 739-762.
  • Maslow, A. H. (1943). A theory of human motivation. Psychological review, 50(4), 370-396.
  • McKenna, E. F. (2000). Business psychology and organizational behaviour: A student’s handbook, Psychology Press.
  • Morgan, R., McDonagh, P., & Ryan, T. (1995). Employee job satisfaction: An empirical assessment of marketing managers as an occupationally homogeneous group. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 10(2), 10-17.
  • Nel, P. S., van Dyk, P. S., Haasbroek, G. D., Schultz, H. B., Sono, T. J., & Werner, A. (2004). Human Resource Management. (6th ed.). Cape Town: Oxford.
  • Oshagbemi, T. (2000). Gender differences in the job satisfaction of university teachers. Women in Management Review, 15(7), 332.
  • Packard, S. H., & Kauppi, D. R. (1999). Rehabilitation agency leadership style. Rehabilitation Counseling Bulletin, 43(1), 5.
  • Pergamit, M. R., & Veum, J. R. (1999). What is a Promotion? Industrial and Labor Relations Review, 581-601.
  • Peterson, D. K., Puia, G. M., & Suess, F. R. (2003). Yo Tengo La Camiseta (I Have the Shirt On): An exploration of job satisfaction and commitment among workers in. Mexico. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 10(2), 73-88.
  • Petti, B., & Gracia, B. (2013). Factors affecting employee job satisfaction of pharmaceutical sector. European Journal of Management Sciences, 11, 67-76.
  • Rane, D. B. (2011). Employee job satisfaction: An essence of organization. HRM Review-An IUP Publication, 11(7), 10-16.
  • Rast, S., & Tourani, A. (2012). Evaluation of employees’ job satisfaction and role of gender difference: An empirical study at airline industry in Iran. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 3(7), 91-100.
  • Robbins, S. P., Odendaal, A., & Roodt, G. (2003). Organizational Behavior. Global and Southern African Perspectives (9th ed.). Cape Town: Pearson Education.
  • Rodeghier, M. (1996). Survey with Confidence. SPSS Inc.
  • Saunders, M., Lewis, P., & Thornhill, A. (2009). Research methods for business students (5th ed.). Harlow: Financial Times Prentice Hall.
  • Smith, P. L., Smits, S. J., & Hoy, F. (1998). Employee work attitudes: The subtle influence of gender. Human Relations, 51(5), 649-666.
  • Smith, P. C. (2001), Development of compact measure of job satisfaction: The abridged job descriptive index. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 61(6), 1105.
  • Smith, P.C., Kendall, L. M., & Hulin, C.L. (1969). The measurement of satisfaction in work and retirement. Chicago: Rand Mc Nally.
  • Smucker, M. K., Whisenant, W. A., & Pedersen, P. M. (2003). An investigation of job satisfaction and female sports journalists. Sex Roles, 49(7), 401-407.
  • Staudt, M. (1997). Correlates of job satisfaction in school social work. Social Work in Education, 19(1), 43-51.

Abstract Views: 486

PDF Views: 0




  • Determinant of Employees' Job Satisfaction and the Role of Male and Female Differences: an Empirical Study at Hotel Industry in Iran

Abstract Views: 486  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

S. M. Hashemi
School of Housing, Building & Planning (HBP), Universiti Sians Malaysia (USM), Malaysia
J. Jusoh
School of Housing, Building & Planning (HBP), Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Malaysia
S. Kiumarsi
Graduate School of Business (GSB), University Sains Malaysia, (USM), Malaysia
F. Hashemi
Department of Psychology, Payamnur University (PNU), Iran, Islamic Republic of

Abstract


Employee satisfaction is a parameter used to measure of the extent to which employees are pleased with their particular jobs and working environment. Continuously improving the spirits and self-confidence among employees can be of incredible benefits to any organization, given that happy employees are anticipated to put in more energy and time, take less leave of absence, and remain dedicated to the company. There are a number of factors that improve or sustain high employee satisfaction, which sensible employers thrive to implement. This objective of this study is to determine the level of employees'job satisfaction and to investigate the effect of gender on employees'job satisfaction. Important factors that have an impact on job satisfaction are supervision, relationship with co-workers, rewards, work condition, and opportunities for promotion. Data for this research were gathered from employees of four 5 rated-star hotels in Iran. The illustrative evaluation executed to decide the grade of employees'job satisfaction. Furthermore, independent sample t-test was utilized to empirically test relationship between employees'job satisfaction and their gender. Findings suggest that employees are moderately satisfied with their job and there is no significant difference in between male and female employees'job satisfaction.

Keywords


Employees, Job Satisfaction, Gender, 5 Star Hotels, Iran.

References