The Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

Effect of Protein Quality and Quantity on Body Composition of Sedentary Adult Women


Affiliations
1 Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Home Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana - 141004, Punjab, India
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


Advancing adult age is associated with profound changes in body composition, the principal component of which is decrease in skeletal muscle mass. This age related loss in skeletal muscle mass has been referred to as Sarcopenia. Cross sectional studies on muscle strength indicated that isometric and concentric strength levels peak between 2 nd and 3 rd decade of life, remain unchanged until the 4 th and 5 th decade and start to decline from about 5 th decade at a rate of 12 to15 per cent per decade. However, concentric strength levels in women tend to peak sooner, start to decline earlier and decrease at a slightly slower rate than men. Age and inactivity induced sarcopenia explain losses in strength with age. Sarcopenia is not the result of a disease and it is seen in all aged adults. Sarcopenia markedly increases the risk of disability and loss of functional capacity in the elderly. As populations in developed countries continue to age, diagnosing, treating, and preventing sarcopenia will be progressively more important to the health and well-being of modern societies.
User
Notifications

  • Evans, W.J. What is Sarcopenia? J. Gerontol. Series A: Biol. Sci. Med. Sci., 1995, 50, 5-8.

  • Evans, W.J. Chair and Hurley, B.F. Age, gender and muscular strength. J. Gerontol. Series A:Biol. Sci. Med. Sci .,1995, 50, 41-44.

  • Roubenoff, R. Sarcopenia: effect on body composition and function. J. Gernotol. Series A: Biol. Sci. Med. Sci., 2003, 584, 1012-1017.

  • Dorrens, J. and Rennie, M.J. Effects of ageing and human whole body and muscle protein turnover. Scand. J. Med. Sci. Sports., 2003, 13, 26-33.

  • Houston, D.K., Nicklas, B.J., Ding, J., Harriss, T.B., Tylavsky, F.A., Newman, A.B., Lee, J.S., Sahyoun, N.R., Visser, M. and Kritchevsky, S.B. Dietary protein intake is associated with lean mass change in older, community-dwelling adults: the health, aging and body composition. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 2008, 87, 150-155.

  • Kurpad, A.V., Regan, M.M., Raj, T., El-Khoury, A.E., Kuriyan, R., Vaz, M., Chandakudlu, D., Veena, G.V., Borgonha, S. and Young, V.R. The lysine requirement of healthy adult Indian subjects on long term feeding and measured by the 24h indicator amino acid oxidation and balance technique. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 2002, 76, 400-412.

  • Tipton, K.D. and Wolfe, R.R. Exercise induced changes in protein metabolism. Acta. Physiologica. Scandinavica., 2003,162, 377-387.

  • Paddon-Jones, D., Westman, E., Mattes, R.D., Wolfe, R.R., Astrup, A. and Westerterp-Plantenga, M. Protein, weight management and satiety. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. , 2008, 87, 1558-1561.

  • Song, W.O., Mann, S.K., Sehgal, S., Devi, P.R., Gudaru, S. and Kakarala, M. Nutriguide : Asian Indian Foods. Nutritional Analysis Computer Programme. Michigan State University, USA, 1992.

  • Indian Council of Medical Research, Nutrient requirements and recommended dietary allowances for Indians. National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad, 2010.

  • Jelliffe, D.B. The assessment of nutritional status of community. WHO, Geneva, 1966.

  • Sharan, S. and Puttaraj, S. Prevalence of upper body obesity as determinant by waist hip ratio (WHR) and risk factors associated with it. Ind. J. Nutr. Dietet., 2006, 43, 378-384.

  • Garrow, J.S. Treat obesity seriously. A clinical manual. Chutchill Livingstone, London,1981.

  • Jain, H. and Singh, N. A study on nutritional status of women in the age group of 25-50 years working in a sedentary job in Jaipur city. Ind. J. Nutr. Dietet., 2003, 40, 91-98.

  • Kuriyan, R., Easwran, P. and Kurpad, A.V. Basal metabolism rate in Indian male and female subjects of different body mass index. Ind. J. Nutr. Dietet., 2005, 42, 392-402.

  • Schutz, Y., Kyle, U.U.G. and Pichard, C. Fat –free mass index and fat mass index percentils in Caucasians aged 18-98 y. Int. J. Obes., 2002, 26, 953-960.

  • Joseph, A., Poojara, E.H., Kowsalya, S. and Devi, R.S. Prevalence and epidemiological factor associated with obesity among adults in Ernakulam district, Kerala. Ind .J. Nutr. Dietet., 2008, 45, 399-409.

  • Babitha, B. and Kusuma, D.L. Chronic energy deficiency and obesity among rural women – relationship between BMI and selected body composition parameters. Ind. J. Nutr. Dietet., 2009, 46, 386-392.

  • Nande, P., Hussain, M. and Vali, S. Influence of obesity on body measurements and composition in adult women belonging to minority community. Ind. J. Nutr. Dietet., 2009, 47, 137-151.

  • Baumgartner, R.N., Koehler, K.M. and Gallagher, D. Epidemiology of sarcopenia among the elderly in New Mexico. Am. J. Epidemiol., 1998, 147, 755-763.

  • Sodhi, H. Nutritional status of rural and urban families in relation to household food security., M.Sc. Thesis, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India, 2000.

  • Goyal, U. Fat and fatty acid intake by women from urban and semi-urban areas., M.Sc. Thesis, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India, 2003.

  • Deepti, L., Joyti, L. and Parkash, J. Diet related risk factors for osteoporosis in peri and post menopausal Indian women. Ind. J. Nutr. Dietet., 2006, 43, 341-349.

  • Paddon-Jones, D. and Rasmussen, B.B. Dietary protein recommendations and the prevention of sarcopenia. Curr. Opinion Clin. Nutr. Meta. Care., 2009, 12, 86-90.

  • Aubertn-Leheudre, M. and Adlercreutz, H. Relationship between animal protein intake and muscle mass index in healthy women. Brit. J. Nutr., 2009,102, 1803-1810.

  • Johnston, C.S., Sherrie, L.T. and Pamela, D. High protein low fat diets are effective for weight loss and favourably alter biomarkers in healthy adults. J. Nutr., 2004,134, 586-591.

  • Layman, D.K., Evans, E., Baum, J.I., Seyler, J., Erickon, D.J. and Boileau, R.A. Dietary protein and exercise have additive effect on body composition during weight loss in adult women. J. Nutr., 2005,135, 1903-1910.

  • Noakes, M. The role of protein in weight management. Asia. Pac. J. Clin. Nutr., 2008, 17, 169-171.

  • Layman, D.K. Protein quantity and quality at levels above the RDA improves adult weight loss. J. Am. Coll. Nutr., 2004, 23, 631-636.


Abstract Views: 286

PDF Views: 0




  • Effect of Protein Quality and Quantity on Body Composition of Sedentary Adult Women

Abstract Views: 286  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

Gurpreet Kaur
Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Home Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana - 141004, Punjab, India
Kiran Bains
Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Home Science, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana - 141004, Punjab, India

Abstract


Advancing adult age is associated with profound changes in body composition, the principal component of which is decrease in skeletal muscle mass. This age related loss in skeletal muscle mass has been referred to as Sarcopenia. Cross sectional studies on muscle strength indicated that isometric and concentric strength levels peak between 2 nd and 3 rd decade of life, remain unchanged until the 4 th and 5 th decade and start to decline from about 5 th decade at a rate of 12 to15 per cent per decade. However, concentric strength levels in women tend to peak sooner, start to decline earlier and decrease at a slightly slower rate than men. Age and inactivity induced sarcopenia explain losses in strength with age. Sarcopenia is not the result of a disease and it is seen in all aged adults. Sarcopenia markedly increases the risk of disability and loss of functional capacity in the elderly. As populations in developed countries continue to age, diagnosing, treating, and preventing sarcopenia will be progressively more important to the health and well-being of modern societies.

References