A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All
Sajid, Asma
- Incidence and Risk Factors of Excess Gestational Weight Gain in Indian Women
Authors
1 Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Fernandez Hospital Foundation, Hyderabad, Telangana - 500 001, IN
2 Department of Statistics, Fernandez Hospital Foundation, Hyderabad, Telangana - 500 001, IN
Source
The Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics, Vol 56, No 3 (2019), Pagination: 280-288Abstract
Excess Gestational Weight Gain (EGWG) increases risks of adverse obstetric outcomes, long-term obesity and metabolic disorders in mothers and children. The objective was to identify the incidence and risk factors of EGWG in the Indian context in order to develop effective preventative measures. A prospective cohort study was done to evaluate Gestational Weight Gain (GWG) in pregnant women who have completed a validated knowledge survey on GWG in 4 urban maternity tertiary centres and subsequently delivered at the same centres. Chi square test and Fisher’s exact test were used to identify risk factors associated with EGWG. 245 women completed the study. Gestational weight gain was classified as per the Institute of Medicine BMI-specific recommendations. Of the total women surveyed, 37.5% exceeded the GWG recommendation. The overweight and obese women constituted 50.2% of the entire population. In the overweight-obese category, 52% of women exceeded GWG recommendations. Risk factors for EGWG were high pre-pregnancy BMI (P<0.001), underestimation of pre-pregnancy weight category (P=0.003) and overestimation of GWG recommendations (P<0.001). In overweight-obese women, primiparity also increased risk of EGWG (P=0.04). Maternal age, education and perception of EGWG associated risks did not influence GWG. Ensuring women begin their pregnancies at a normal weight and provision of individualised GWG related counselling, either pre-conception or in the early stages of pregnancy may help foster appropriate weight gain in pregnancy. A modification in the current model of care involving detailed screening and nutritional counselling at the first visit itself could ensure effectiveness.
Keywords
Excess Gestational Weight Gain, Incidence, Risk Factors, Pregnancy, Obesity.References
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- Knowledge of Diet and Lifestyle Measures for Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy
Authors
1 Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Fernandez Hospital Foundation, Hyderabad, Telangana - 500 001, IN
Source
The Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics, Vol 57, No 1 (2020), Pagination: 52-62Abstract
Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy (HDP) pose significant risks to materno-fetal health. Appropriate knowledge of the condition ensures timely intervention. Dietary and lifestyle recommendations in HDP differ from those in the non-pregnant population. Salt restriction is not recommended and physical activity may be contraindicated. The aim of the study is to identify the knowledge of pregnant hypertensive Indian women about normal blood pressure in pregnancy, warning signs and complications of HDP and control measures. A cross sectional study was conducted in maternity centres using purposive convenience sampling and a structured questionnaire. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics. One hundred women completed the study. Sixty three per cent knew what constituted high blood pressure, 56% and 60% had a knowledge score of ≤ 50% for warning signs and complications of high blood pressure respectively. When questioned about control measures, women believed that dietary modifications (88%), physical activity (84%), bed rest (51%) and weight loss (44%) were important. With respect to knowledge of salt intake recommendations, 39% correctly identified the daily recommendation, 93% believed salt reduction is necessary and 21% believed salt elimination is required. Thirty nine per cent of women stated high calcium foods are beneficial for control. Post diagnosis, 80% and 38% reported salt reduction and use of low sodium salt, respectively. Traditional home remedies cited included bananas, spinach, curry leaf, garlic, barley water, flax seeds and beetischolar_main. In adequate awareness of HDP may delay necessary medical interventions. Misconceptions regarding salt restriction need to be addressed to prevent iodine deficiency disorders. Counseling regarding a healthy diet for HDP and risks associated with excess physical activity and strict bed rest need to be communicated more effectively.
Keywords
Hypertension, Pregnancy, Salt Restriction, Physical Activity, Knowledge.References
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