The Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics

Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Subscription Access
Open Access Open Access Open Access  Restricted Access Restricted Access Subscription Access

Impact of Fruit and Vegetable Intake by Healthy Subjects on the Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Diseases


Affiliations
1 Dept. of Food Engg., College of Food & Dairy Technology, TANUVAS, Chennai - 600 052, India
2 Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Madurai - 625 104, India
     

   Subscribe/Renew Journal


The study examines the impact of fruit and vegetable intake of the subjects against various risk factors concerned for Cardio Vascular Diseases and it was conducted at Chennai, being a very good representative metropolitan with normo glucose tolerance subjects belonging to various income strata. A semi-validated food frequency questionnaire was used to measure the fruit and vegetable intake and macro and micronutrients consumption was calibrated using nutrition software. Surplus intake of energy (10.31% in males 27.59% in females), protein intake (33.11% in males and 46.76% in females) and deficit intake of β-carotene, ascorbic acid and folic acid were observed. Lesser intake of fruits and vegetables were associated with greater BMI (>25 kg/m2). The mean body weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), hip and waist circumferences, systolic and diastolic blood pressures were negatively associated with increase in fruit and vegetable quartiles. Biochemical measurements such as serum cholesterol, serum triglyceride, HDL, LDL, VLDL, total cholesterol to HDL ratio and post-prandial blood sugar were significantly associated with fruit and vegetable intake.

Keywords

Fruits and Vegetables, Cardiovascular Diseases, Protective Effects.
User
Notifications

  • Reddy, K.S. and Katan, B.M., Diet, nutrition and prevention of hypertension and cardiovascular diseases. Pub. Health Nutr., 2004, 7, 167-186.

  • World Health Organization, Diet, nutrition and the prevention of chronic diseases: Report of a WHO study group, Technical Report Series. 916 Geneva, WHO 2003.

  • Bjorntorp, P., Visceral obesity: a civilization syndrome, Obes. Res., 1993, 1, 206-222.

  • ICMR, 2004, Nutrient requirement and recommended dietary allowance for Indians, National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad.

  • World Health Report, 2000, Reducing risks, promoting healthy life, Geneva, World Health Organization.

  • Mohan, V., Deepa, R., Deepa, M., Somannavar, S. and Datta, M., A simplified Indian diabetes risk score for screening for undiagnosed diabetic subjects. J. Assoc.Phys. India, 2005, 53, 759-763.

  • Dubois, C.L. and Borel, C, Effects of oat bran, rice bran and wheat fibre and wheat germ of post prandial lipemia in healthy adults. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 2002, 76, 390-398.

  • Esmaillzadeh, A., Kimiagae, M., Mehrabi, Y., Hus, F.B. and Willet, W.C., Fruit and vegetable intake, C-reactive protein and the metabolic syndrome. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 2006, 84, 1489-97.

  • Mohan, V., Deepa, R., Shanthirani, S. and Premalatha, G., Prevalence of coronary artery disease and its relationship to lipids in selected population in South India, The Chennai Urban Population Study (CUPS No. 5). J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., 2001, 36, 682-687.

  • Johnsen, S.P., Overvad, K., Stripp, C, Tjomneland, A., Husted, E. and Sorensen, H.T., Intake of fruits, vegetables, and the risk of ischemic stroke in a cohort of Danish men and women. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 2003, 78, 57-64.

  • Sasso, F.C., Carbonara, O., Nasti, R., Campana, B., Marfella, R., Torella, M., Nappi, G., Torella, R. and Cozzolino, D., Glucose metabolism and coronary heart disease in patients with normal glucose tolerance. J. Am. Med. Assoc, 2004, 291, 1857-63.

  • Fornes, N.S., Mareins, I.S., Hernan, M., Velasquez-melendea, G. and Ascherio, A., Frequency of food consumption and lipoprotein serum levels in the population of an urban area, Brazil. Rev.Saude Pub., 2000, 34, 380-387.

  • Kaur, J. and Bains, K., Food and nutrient intake in relation to cardiovascular diseases among rural males of Punjab, India. Ind. J. Nutr. Dietet., 2005, 42, 378-384.

  • Taira, H., Buckwheat, In: Encyclopedia of Food Technology, Westport: AVI. 1974, 139.

  • Charles, S.G., Anita, K., Patrick, L.F. and John, R.D., Instrumental measurement of cookies hardness. II application to product quality variables. Cereal Chem., 1992, 69, 120-125.

  • Rufent, N., Enqi, L., Chungji, C. and Jiangping, Z., Curr. Adv. Buckwheat Res., 1995, 861-865.

  • Baljeet, S.Y. and Ritika, B.Y., Studies on functional properties and incorporation of buckwheat flour for biscuit making. Int. Fd. Res. J., 2010, 17, 1067-1076.

  • Francischi, D., Salgado, J.M. and Leitao, R.F.E., Chemical, nutritional and technological characteristics of buckwheat and non-prolamine buckwheat flours in comparison of wheat flour. PL Fd. Hum. Nutr., 1994, 46, 323-329.

  • Bojana, F., Olivera, S., Marijana, S., Ivana, S., Pavle, J., Mladenka, P. and Marija, B.S., Feasibility of use of buckwheat flour as an ingredient in ginger nut biscuit formulation. Fd. Chem., 2011, 125, 164-170.


Abstract Views: 331

PDF Views: 0




  • Impact of Fruit and Vegetable Intake by Healthy Subjects on the Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Diseases

Abstract Views: 331  |  PDF Views: 0

Authors

S. K. Mathanghi
Dept. of Food Engg., College of Food & Dairy Technology, TANUVAS, Chennai - 600 052, India
G. Hemalatha
Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Madurai - 625 104, India
S. Amutha
Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Madurai - 625 104, India
S. Arulmozhiselvan
Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Madurai - 625 104, India

Abstract


The study examines the impact of fruit and vegetable intake of the subjects against various risk factors concerned for Cardio Vascular Diseases and it was conducted at Chennai, being a very good representative metropolitan with normo glucose tolerance subjects belonging to various income strata. A semi-validated food frequency questionnaire was used to measure the fruit and vegetable intake and macro and micronutrients consumption was calibrated using nutrition software. Surplus intake of energy (10.31% in males 27.59% in females), protein intake (33.11% in males and 46.76% in females) and deficit intake of β-carotene, ascorbic acid and folic acid were observed. Lesser intake of fruits and vegetables were associated with greater BMI (>25 kg/m2). The mean body weight, Body Mass Index (BMI), hip and waist circumferences, systolic and diastolic blood pressures were negatively associated with increase in fruit and vegetable quartiles. Biochemical measurements such as serum cholesterol, serum triglyceride, HDL, LDL, VLDL, total cholesterol to HDL ratio and post-prandial blood sugar were significantly associated with fruit and vegetable intake.

Keywords


Fruits and Vegetables, Cardiovascular Diseases, Protective Effects.

References